Manometer Definition and Purpose

Manometer Definition and Purpose A manometer is a scientific instrument used to measure gas pressures. Open manometers measure gas pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. A mercury or oil manometer measures gas pressure as the height of a fluid column of mercury or oil that the gas sample supports. How this works is, a column of mercury (or oil) is open at one end to the atmosphere and exposed to the pressure to be measured at the other end. Before use, the column is calibrated so that markings to indicate height correspond to known pressures. If atmospheric pressure is greater than the pressure on the other side of the fluid, air pressure pushes the column toward the other vapor. If the opposing vapor pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure, the column is pushed toward the side open to air. Common Misspellings: mannometer, manameter Example of a Manometer Probably the most familiar example of a manometer is a sphygmomanometer, which is used to measure blood pressure. The device consists of an inflatable cuff that collapses and releases the artery beneath it. A mercury or mechanical (anaeroid) manometer is attached to the cuff to measure a change in pressure. While aneroid sphygmomanometers are considered safer because they dont utilize toxic mercury and are less expensive, they are less accurate and require frequent calibration checks. Mercury sphygmomanometers display changes in blood pressure by changing the height of a mercury column. A stethoscope is used with the manometer for auscultation. Other Devices for Pressure Measurement In addition to the manometer, there are other techniques to measure pressure and vacuum. These include the McLeod gauge, the Bourdon gauge, and electronic pressure sensors.

8 Signs Someone Is Lying To You

8 Signs Someone Is Lying To You It is possible to tell when someone is lying to you. Though, hopefully, it could just be nervousness, there are a few red flags that you could keep an eye out for. Any significant combination of the  following tells just might show you the truth about the person in front of you. 1. Voice ChangeIf their voice or general demeanor changes dramatically, this is definitely a sign of discomfort- and quite possibly a lie.2. Psychological DistanceAre they going out of their way to avoid saying â€Å"I† or â€Å"me†? It could be that, consciously or not, they’re trying to put distance between themselves and the lie they’re telling.3. Too Many Right AnswersThis may sound counterintuitive, but if someone has an answer for absolutely everything, you might be a bit suspicious. Most people need to pause to think about their answer to unexpected questions- at least every once in a while. If someone is parroting answers that seem rehearsed and polished and super quick o ff the cuff? That could be an indication of a lie.4. â€Å"I Swear†If the person is proclaiming his or her honestly continuously (â€Å"to tell the truth†¦,† â€Å"to be perfectly honest†¦,† etc.) then they doth protest too much. Actually honest people simply tell the truth without having to broadcast that they’re doing so.5. Fidgeting/FussingIf the person changes their head position rapidly, or can’t stay still, or starts breathing differently, these are all great physical tells that you might be getting fibbed at- especially if they cover their mouth or shuffle their feet or instinctively cover sensitive body parts. Watch the body language for all these clues.6. Difficulty SpeakingIf you watch police confession videos, it sometimes seems like the perp has a hard time getting his or her words out. This is due to an autonomic nervous system reaction that dries the mouth in times of stress. Lip biting and lip pursing aren’t good sig ns either.7. No BlinkingNormal people blink every few seconds. People who are lying might be going overboard to prove they’re maintaining solid eye contact with you by staring a little too strong or too much.8. PerspirationLiterally, you are making this person sweat. If they’re stewing this badly, then chances are they aren’t telling you the truth.

Molecular biology cloning and Brachyury gene Essay

Molecular biology cloning and Brachyury gene - Essay Example Such recombinant vectors imitate effectively in specific strains of bacterial host cells, leading to the production of several copies of the recombinant DNA molecule, which was put into the vector (Eisen, et al, 2002, p 5483; Sambrook, Fritsch & Maniatis, 1989, p 891). 2. Brachyury gene: definition and the relation between the genes with cancer Brachyury refers to a protein which is encoded by the T gene in humans. It is a transcription factor that is within the T-box complex of genes, which has been identified in all bilateral animals. Brachyury also helps in defining the mesoderm in the process of gastrulation (National cancer institute, nd, para 5). The T gene is first expressed at the ending stage of blastula, at the mesoderm region and then later in the process of gastrulation. Expression of the Brachyury gene is contained to the tail bud and the notochord region. Brachyury is expressed within the endothermal epithelial cells of the hypostome in the diploblastic Hydra that makes up the apical portion of the polyp cranium. Therefore, the T gene plays an essential role in forming the axis of the initial body. The T gene is critical in the molding tripoblasts’ and diploblasts’ layers of germ, as well as, in the formation of the apical pole (Rolf, 2013, para 1). Genetic evaluations of individuals with hereditary form of bone cancer reveal that acquiring an additional T gene might cause the uncommon bone cancer. A study of seven families diagnosed with chordoma involving two or more blood relatives was conducted by the NCI researchers. Linkage analysis approach was utilized to explore whether certain genetic markers with established points in humans are present at birth along with chordoma. The initial analysis set out six genome areas that necessitated an extra examination. A comprehensive hereditary examination revealed that chromosome 6 section was more apt to be related with hereditary bone cancer. Brachyury gene that is contained in chromosom e 6 is exceptionally significant in the growth of notochord. Results from earlier examinations show that the T genes is found in almost all bone cancer cases, but not in the wide ranging assortment of ordinary body tissues or other malignant cells kinds. As such, the observation made the Brachyury gene an excellent candidate for involvement in the uncommon bone cancer (Rolf, 2013, para 2) 3. What is plasmid pNEB193? Plasmid pNEB193 is an enigmatic and a fresh plasmid. It was first found in NBRC14147 in S.albulus. Its functions are not known, though the cryptic plasmid pNEB193 replicon was utilized in duplication of vector construction (Sambrook, Fritsch & Maniatis, 1989, p 894). 4. Cloning technique What is the aim from using the polymerase chain reaction PCR in the cloning technique? Polymerase chain reaction is the primer-meditated enzymatic amplification of distinctively replicated or genomic DNA sequences. The template DNA includes a target sequence that can be very long in term s of nucleotides length. The main aim of using PCR is to clone genes directly without constructing DNA libraries. PCR makes gene cloning rapid by starting with a whole genome, PCR permits the DNA from a chosen region to be increased several billion fold, successfully sanitizing this DNA away from the remainder of the genome (Taylor & Francis group, 2010, p 544). PCR is mostly employed in molecular biology and

Starting with approximately 1900 and going to the present, how has Essay - 2

Starting with approximately 1900 and going to the present, how has international relations changed over this period Identify the major changes. What do you think are the main causes of those changes - Essay Example This war changed the concept of sovereignty, concept of national interests, nature of international conflicts and means of achieving an end to conflicts. The first major change in international relations was changes in politico-geographic settings. The global politico-geographical environments have changed from the settings of the 1900s. Powerful countries such as England, Germany and France were involved in the division of continents in order to advance their interests (Griffiths and O’Callaghan 45). After the first and second world wars, these countries were faced with a challenge of managing their colonies. As the colonizers left their colonies, the emerging countries began to assert their influence. In addition, the political-geographic settings have changed because of exponential growth in global population. Before the First World War, Europe decided on the issues of global peace and war. European countries such as Germany, England, France, Portugal and Italy had the influential powers to determine the future of the world. International was dominated and centered in Europe. The Second World War led to a change in political dynamics after Italy, Germany and Japan were defeated. The international centers of political power shifted from their European base to the U.S and Russia. The European powerhouses were weakened and could no longer maintain and manage their overseas colonies. Because of decolonization, several states emerged in Africa and Asia. This also introduced a new dynamic in international relations because the number of member states to the United Nations increased from 51 to 155 (Griffiths and O’Callaghan 162). The character of current international relations was influenced by these changes. Currently, all states insist on active participation in international relations . The second major change in international relations is the democratization of

Power In The First Part Of A Clockwork Orange Essay Example for Free

Power In The First Part Of A Clockwork Orange Essay The opening of the novel is the line Whats it going to be then, ey? This is clearly something that is said by someone in an authoritative position and we learn in the next sentence that this is Alex. He is our narrator and this gives him a certain amount of power as he can choose what he wants to tell us as readers. Burgess also shows Alexs power through the various violent attacks he perpetrates on people who we would consider to be in a position of more authority than Alex is in our own society. The first of these instances is the attack upon a schoolteacher, which is a clear and obvious indicator that this society is very wrong. At the tender age of fifteen, it would be considered totally inconceivable that Alex would not only attack, but also humiliate a man who relies upon respect from youths in order to do his job. The physical power the gang have over the teacher is almost a way of compensating for Alex and his gang feeling threatened intellectually and in this sense the teacher is the more powerful. This idea of physical versus intellectual power is explored again when the gang leave the town centre to seek victims in the suburbs. When they find the writer and his wife, they destroy the book and beat the couple into teary subordination. These actions are lead by Alex who is portrayed as an almost psychotic intellectual and so dislikes the idea of not understanding the fair gloopy title of the book. I believe he is also prone to paranoia because he gets angry at the merest suggestion of someone being more intelligent or cultured than himself. As a totally egocentric way of asserting his power, Alex also beats up a drunk who is stumbling around and singing because he found him disgusting. This does not show any correlation to the other attacks as there is obviously no intellectual challenge from this man and so this attack is purely a confidence boost and has no real reason at all. Aside from their physical power, Alex and his gang also command a certain amount of fear amongst the elderly folk at the pub they visit. They are able, through brash bribery and intimidation, to get a room full of adults to comply with their wishes fairly easily even though no violence is used, or even suggested. This shows that the gangs of youths roaming the streets are infamous and that the civilised society they prey upon is doing little, if anything, to stop them. The power presented to us here, or lack of it, is the states diminished power over criminals of a violent and numerous nature. This is further demonstrated when Alex and his gang come across a rival gang in a desolate place where their laws are obeyed e. g. survival of the fittest. The power each gang has over the other is decided in a very fitting way considering what is done with this power because the gang who can cause the most injury and pain wins the power to carry on doing so to other people outside the gang wars. One such unfortunate victim is the old woman who is the last of Alexs victims as a free man. The gang, and Alex, assume they have unrivalled power over the old woman not only because of her age but also because they see themselves as untouchably strong in fights and aggression. However, Alexs power seems to be with his gang because, contrary to his own beliefs, he finds he cannot do the robbery alone and is shocked to find the old woman beating him with a stick. This is a very strange thing to happen to Alex as he sees himself as above the possibility of actually getting hurt. However, it is clear that this invulnerable character is only as such when he is supported by his gang, who are given very little credit throughout the first half of the novel for their various roles within the crimes. The utterly surreal struggle for power and control between the old woman and the young but hardened criminal ends with a swift blow to the head from Alex and so we see his physical power keeping him in control yet again. However, the authorities finally get Alex under their control through (ironically) fairly violent methods. The police are portrayed as fighting fire with fire, so to speak, as they beat Alex and humiliate him just as he had done to so many before. This is cleverly done by Burgess as this lets the reader see how these people, who are fighting against Alex and the culture he represents, are actually no better than him in a moral sense as they get their power in exactly the same way e. g. through violent beatings and intimidation. Another example of role reversal is the relationship between P. R Deltoid and Alex both before and after his arrest. Prior to the arrest, Alex was very dismissive of P. R Deltoids warnings and cared little about what he had to say, as he was untouchable and would never be caught, as he was such an intelligent young man. However once he realises how much trouble he really is in, he becomes very meek and humble before P. R Deltoid and asks him for help. It is then that P. R Deltoid becomes the one who does not care and, in his position of power over Alex, spits in face. This is an act usually saved for use by the very lowest of people and is yet more evidence of the hypocritical use of humiliating actions on Alex by the people who are supposed to be putting an end to these actions. Throughout the first part of the novel, Alex uses barbaric force and pure physical strength to overpower his enemies and victims. He sees this as proof of his own undeniable strength when, in fact, it is down to his gang that he is not harmed by his numerous encounters with violence. His egotistical delusions lead him to believe that he can impose his power upon someone by himself and this over-confidence ultimately concretes his arrest. From this point, the readers of this novel would expect to see the police processing and punishing Alex harshly but effectively and humanely. Instead, we realise that the police are so used to seeing the violence that they no longer try to avoid it and instead resort to it themselves. We are shown that power has changed hands dramatically over the course of the first part of the novel but we can also recognise that the way in which the power is gained and exerted does not change in the slightest as it passes from criminals to civilians to policemen. This is a very interesting comment on the dystopian society presented to us in this book and serves as a powerful warning for our own future.

To Kill a Mocking Bird - The Contribuition of the Character of Scout :: Kill Mockingbird essays

To Kill a Mocking Bird - The Contribuition of the Character of Scout In the novel To Kill a Mocking Bird, by Harper Lee there are a number of characters in the book. All of them play a very detailed role in the plot of the book, and without them it would not be anything. They story consists of two main plots. The first one is being part of a family which involves a lawyer. Then the second is the mysteries of the Radley house. The Radley house is a home near the Finch's, which is composed of many rumors, mysteries, and people. The narrator of the novel is a girl named Jean Louise, yet everyone in the novel calls her "Scout." Scout is at the age where she is stuck between being a grown up and a child. She is also at the age where she is learning about kindness, courage, and everyday life, every day. Since Scout's mother had passed away when she was two, her father Atticus had hired a housekeeper. Calpurnia had been the children's housekeeper and the mother figure every since Jem was born. Besides Atticus, Calpurnia has also made the largest influence in Scout's life. The story takes place in a small town named Maycomb. It has two basic plots to it. The book is about the Finch family which consists of the a father, son, and daughter. The father, Atticus is a 50 year old lawyer. Atticus is the type of father who does the best for his kids and is always the god figure around the home. Atticus is a very well respected man in the home and outside of it. Jem is the oldest child of him and Scout. He is Scout's primary source of intelligence and fun. Without Jem, Scout would not realize many important things in life. Calpurnia has placed a major role in Scout's life. She has placed many useful thoughts in Scout's mind, that has helped her come a long way. Calpurnia is from the colored community of town. Although she lives in a different home than the Finch's, their house has gradually become Calpurnia's "home away from home." When Scout was only two, Atticus had hires her to help him.

The Systematic Investigation Into A Study Of Materials Education Essay

How is the male primary school instructor perceived by male and female pupils? What are the factors act uponing the perceptual experiences of male pupils? What are the factors act uponing the perceptual experiences of female pupils? How make male primary instructors understand/respond to these perceptual experiences? Research can be loosely defined as ‘a signifier of systematic question that contributes to knowledge ‘ .[ 1 ]The Oxford Concise Dictionary defines research as: a. the systematic probe into and survey of stuffs, beginnings, etc. , in order to set up facts and make new decisions. b. an enterprise to detect new or collate old facts etc by the scientific survey of a topic or by a class of critical probe.[ 2 ] Peoples are non cognizant that they are an bizarre result of their development. That development came from their ability to joint their past cognition in any signifier of facts, experiences, premises for physical phenomena, beliefs and their capableness to update and better their former cognition and patterns. These are the grounds that mankind developed communicating accomplishments like literacy, linguistic communication, developed doctrine and invented engineering. ( Best and Kahn 2006: 3, 4 ) . Specifically, Best and Kahn ( 2006: 3, 4 ) maintain that educational research is the tool that instructors use to prove and better their personal patterns in instruction and happen which pattern fits best for them. A definition of educational research is provided by Anthony G. Picciano: ‘Educational research is a careful, systematic probe into any facet of instruction. From the Gallic word ‘recherche ‘ , which means to go through or study. ‘[ 3 ]Cohen and Manion ( 2001 ) province that educational research helps the instructors broaden their information cognition and understand their working environment.The research worker must besides place the most appropriate paradigm in the research literature in order to plan and put to death the enquiry efficaciously. The research worker should take his paradigm carefully in specifying the purposes and intents of his survey.Qualitative ResearchThe research worker had to take between two chief paradigms: either ‘logi cal positivism ‘ or ‘phenomenological enquiry ‘ ( Best and Kahn 2006: 246 ) . Best and Kahn ( 2006: 79 ) argue that the logical-positivism paradigm is used for ‘experimental and quantitative research methods ‘ in instruction. Furthermore, Cohen et Al. ( 2001: 8 ) assert that the logical positivism paradigm expresses ‘the chief belief ‘ that the ‘meaning of a statement is, or is given by the method of its confirmation ‘ . The logical-positivism paradigm is a scientific method applicable for a survey concerned with bing and mensurable cognition, where the research worker is an ‘observer of the societal world ‘ . The results of an enquiry based on that paradigm can be compared with Torahs – like maxims ( Torahs ) that are constructed by natural scientific enquiries based on subjective generalisations and that use the same scientific methods as natural scientific disciplines to explicate the universe. The chief fea tures of this peculiar paradigm are analysis, measuring and subjectiveness ( Cohen et al. 2001: 8 ) . Therefore, the logical positivism paradigm is best applied in a quantitative analysis where the collected information is numerical. In contrast the phenomenological paradigm makes usage of ‘interpretive research methodological analysiss ‘ ( Best and Kahn 2006: 246 ) . This paradigm is best applied to qualitative research methodological analysiss. Erickson ( 1985, cited in Best and Kahn 2006: 246 ) instead uses the term ‘interpretative ‘ , which is ‘the whole household of attacks to participant experimental research ‘ . Bogdan and Biklen ( 2007: 25 ) clear up this by saying that in the ‘phenomenological manner ‘ , research workers try to understand occurrences in the mundane life of common people in particular fortunes: they try to happen out the people ‘s point of position and ‘gain an entry ‘ into their specific environment. The failing of positivism is its inability to look into human behavior successfully, as Cohen et Al. ( 2001: 9 ) underscore. Denscombe ( 2007 ) recommends the usage of the phenomenological paradigm to cover with this failing. Surveies utilizing the phenomenological paradigm by Bogdan and Biklen ( 2007: 25 ) ‘begin with silence ‘ , as the research worker seeks to detect the personal apprehensions of the participants, leting different cognition and assorted perceptual experiences to be given by different participants in the same peculiar state of affairs. With this paradigm a qualitative attack to roll uping and analyzing informations is most appropriate. Here qualitative informations consists chiefly of words instead than Numberss. Patton ( 1990, cited in Best and Kahn 2006: 247 ) asserts that qualitative research uses three ways of roll uping information: ‘in-depth, open-ended interviews, direct observation and written paperss ‘ . On the footing of these considerations I found that the phenomenological interpretive paradigm the most convenient for the intents of this small-scale empirical survey concentrating on pupils ‘ personal perceptual experiences of their male instructors. It will try to cast visible radiation on the thoughts, sentiments and beliefs pupils have sing their male instructors in a Cypriot primary school. Important decisions can be drawn from this survey like the importance of the male instructor in primary school and his existent function as a leader by gender. Therefore, the phenomenological interpretive paradigm was the one chosen for this enquiry.Qualitative attack – Case surveyMy research focuses on pupils ‘ perceptual experiences of male instructors in an anon. Greek-Cypriot primary school. The rational harmonizing to the literature points to the usage of a phenomenological interpretive paradigm, and the survey should be conducted in a qualitative research model. I wi ll utilize qualitative methodological analysis as my survey focuses on kids ‘s perceptual experiences, thoughts, ideas and feelings instead than their public presentation in school. Harmonizing to O'Brien there are five types of qualitative methodological analysis to take from: these are instance survey, grounded theory, phenomenology, descriptive anthropology and historical surveies.[ 4 ]In contrast Flick ( 2006 ) presents four qualitative research methodological analysiss: instance survey, longitudinal survey, comparing survey and eventually retrospective survey. However, this chapter does non mean to spread out and explicate the usage of these schemes as it would be outside the range of this survey. Alternatively, I would prefer to briefly explain and warrant my chosen methodological analysis. The chosen methodological analysis for this survey is ‘case survey ‘ . As Merriam ( 1998 ) , Yin ( 1989 ) and Stake ( 1994 ) ( cited in Bogdan and Biklen 2007: 59 ) explain, it is ‘a elaborate scrutiny of one scene, or a individual topic, a individual depositary of paperss, or one peculiar event ‘ conducted in existent action clip, enabling an analysis of the grounds for and the after-effects of the incident ( Cohen et al. 2001: 181 ) . Supporting the attack of Bogdan and Biklen, Bell ( 2005: 10 ) and Cohen et Al. ( 2001: 181 ) province that one of the strengths of the instance survey is that helps the research worker to cast light ‘in deepness ‘ on a specific facet of the job and allows for generalisation. It is a narrowed and focused research method with a individual model, such as a kid or group of kids, a category or a group of categories, an educational establishment ( Cohen et al. 2001: 181 ) . In my instance, the probe will take topographic point in a school. The intent of my research is to look into in deepness the perceptual experiences by a group of kids of their male instructors in a school environment. I shall carry on the enquiry in existent clip as I am determined to see the school during term clip and gather informations utilizing informations collection tools, such as interviews. Cohen et Al. ( 1984: 184 ) argue that instance surveies allow general regulations to be made from the survey of an ‘instance in action ‘ . In my sentiment, a instance survey would be the most appropriate signifier for my survey as it is ‘strong in world ‘ ( Cohen 2001 ) and will assist me to look into in deepness the existent perceptual experiences of a group of pupils in the mark school in Cyprus. As a non really experient research worker I feel a instance survey will be a really powerful tool appropriate either for new or experient research workers ( Bogdan and Biklen 2007 ) . More specifically Best and Kahn ( 2006: 259 ) argue that a instance survey is a good method of assemblage and showing informations in hunt of the existent truth, and of carry oning an probe which aims to show the existent ‘view ‘ of societal world, as I plan to make.The literature about the instance survey method I have cited makes me recognize that some of the definitions and accounts about its usage fit the range of my research in a precise mode. It is clear that ‘case survey ‘ is ideal as a methodological analysis to observe alone characteristics, which may non be possible to supervise or retain in ‘large-scale informations ‘ surveies, such as those utilizing studies or questionnaires and a non-participant method in general.The instance survey method besides demand s the engagement of the research worker and the sample.My survey examines a fact within the model of a school embodied in the Cypriot educational system. Therefore, its features to the full accord with the features of instance survey methodological analysis. The instance survey methodological analysis does hold some failings, nevertheless, that the research worker should be cognizant of. Because my probe is largely being conducted in existent clip there is non the option of reaching the sample once more to cross-check consequences. Therefore, the consequences of the research could be seen as ‘subjective and biased ‘ , given that the survey is qualitative ( Bell 2005: 11 ; Cohen et al. 2001: 184 ) . In add-on, research workers can be influenced by their ain beliefs and prejudice, so the consequences are influenced by subjectiveness. Although non much can be done to enable cross-checking, the research worker can seek to avoid deformation in the consequences. The research w orker should seek non to be influenced by his ain perceptual experiences and besides non uncover his ain sentiment and thoughts to avoid act uponing those in the sample and to promote them to state what they really think. Another restriction that the research worker should see concerns generalisation. Whilst the instance survey method permits this, it may non be possible as most of the clip the incident under probe is alone and drawn from the life itself ( Bell 2005: 1 ; Cohen et al. 2001: 184 ; Bassey 1999 ) . Denscombe ( 1998: 36-7 ) argues that ‘the extent to which findings from the instance survey can be generalized to other illustrations on the category depends on how far the instance survey illustration is similar to others of its type. ‘ However, the phenomenon I am look intoing is normally found in the literature and amongst academic research workers. It would be possible to reiterate an probe of this kind in the same school or in a different school environment. This should non be a job as Greek-Cypriot schools present uniformity in a figure of factors: pupil beginning and staff turnover and staff instruction. The topic is besides rather typical and, in world, non so alone. General ization in this instance is executable, whilst the consequences of this research can move as a pilot if another research worker wishes to carry on a similar survey. There have been several similar probes of instructors ‘ and pupils ‘ perceptual experiences in Cypriot primary schools. Examples can be found in the Library of the University of Cyprus, ( mentions ) . Research in primary schools has about been a manner in the past 20 old ages Despite the disadvantages, I believe that ‘case survey ‘ is the most appropriate methodological analysis for this state of affairs as it is one of the chief methodological analysiss for a qualitative attack utilizing the coveted paradigm. There are certain methods to put to death the research and roll up the information, which will be presented in the undermentioned subdivision.SampleI have chosen the sample harmonizing to the nature of my survey. Due to the qualitative nature of this research, the sample of the pupil population should non be chosen wholly indiscriminately. In quantitative research the sample is selected indiscriminately with the purpose of garnering informations from the surface of a large population. In a qualitative research model ‘sampling is a deliberate instead than haphazard method of choosing topics ‘ and is important if we want to carry on the research with samples that are more representative of the topic and fortunes ( Cohen et al. 2008 ; Best & A ; Kahn 2006: 25 ) . As this is a instance survey, it should be conducted in the school environmen I chose a primary school on the outskirts of the metropolis. Detailss of the school were non antecedently known to me. The school was chiefly chosen as a affair of convenience and practicality as it is the nearest primary school to the vicinity where my household lives. I was cognizant that some of my household members attended at that place ten old ages ago, but I knew nil else beyond this. I did non hold any personal information about the school besides because I have been abroad for more than eleven old ages. Therefore, I can claim non to be biased against the school. The school is administered by the Ministry of Education, as are most of the schools in Cyprus. All the primary schools in Cyprus are established to educate people of every country to a high criterion. That being said, the people and civilization from topographic point to topographic point can be different. Therefore, there is a scope of schools from those with a homogenous Greek-Cypriot individuality to those with kids whose immigrant backgrounds have small if anything in common with the state, set uping a new civilization which is comparatively unfamiliar to the native Cypriots. Teachers ‘ instruction in Cyprus is considered to be high and, even though instructors may be from different states and universities, their public presentation is purely assessed. Merely those who are qualified, effectual in the schoolroom and undergo uninterrupted appraisal are allowed to rehearse as instructors. As a consequence the chosen school was on a flat playing field with every other school in Cyprus. The sample participants were chosen indiscriminately harmonizing to age. Children that were 7 and 12 old ages old were chosen as an ideal sample. Four kids from the 2nd category ( 2 male childs and 2 misss ) and four kids from the last category ( 2 male childs and 2 misss ) were chosen. Two male childs and two misss were chosen from the 2nd category in order to look into the perceptual experiences of the youngest kids. The 2nd category ( twelvemonth 7 ) was preferred to the first category ( twelvemonth 6 ) as it is non possible for kids from the first category to hold any perceptual experiences about male instructors as they are fledglings to primary schooling. Four students from the 6th category, the concluding category of the primary instruction system ( twelvemonth 12 ) , were chosen in order to happen out the perceptual experiences of the older school kids. In order to accomplish cogency I sought the same proportion of male childs and misss ( 4 + 4 ) ( Bell 1999 ) . Four instruct ors participated in the survey: two male instructors and two female instructors. Their age or length of service was non so much an issue, although it was of import they were non fledglings. The male instructors were chosen in order to happen out how they thought they are perceived by their pupils. The female instructors were interviewed about how they think the pupils perceive their male instructors. Useful comparings could be drawn subsequently in the analysis. I had to obtain mandate from the disposal office of the country, the Director General of Education, Mrs Zena Pouli, and the blessing of the Ministry of Education. The principal of the school had to be informed about the yearss and times of the research and allow me carry on the research. Despite the disadvantages, I believe that ‘case survey ‘ is the most appropriate methodological analysis for this state of affairs as it is one of the chief methodological analysiss for a qualitative attack under the coveted paradigm. There are certain methods to put to death the research and roll up the information, which will be presented in the undermentioned subdivision.Data Collection ToolsMy informations will be gathered utilizing a qualitative attack and ( analysed/assessed ) harmonizing to the interpretive paradigm. The purpose of the research is to garner the thoughts, perceptual experiences and positions of the participants, both kids and instructors, so the usage of qualitative tools is indispensable. The chief research tools used in my survey are interview and observation. The usage of both interview and observation are the two of the three major methods for garnering informations. These three methods are ‘asking inquiries ( and listening intently to the replies ) , detecting events ( and observing carefully what happens ) and reading paperss ‘ ( Bassey 1999: 81 ) . Both methods were used together because they offered a agencies for cross-checking informations: what people say they think or do may non be the same as what they really do ( Robson 2002: 310, cited in Cohen et Al. 2007: 396 ) . By observation the research worker can look into if the thoughts and perceptual experiences of the sample are the same as what the sample studies in the interviews. Therefore, I argue that the usage of both tools helped me derive a better thought of what is go oning in pattern and topographic point actions the sample may non be cognizant of cited in ( Foster 1996 ) .ObservationObservation is one of the characteristic tools for garnering information in instance surveies. Case surveies aim to ‘observe ‘ an single unit, a group of people, an establishment or a larger group of people. Research by observation in a qualitative model is defined by Best and Kahn ( 2006: 264 ) and Basey ( 2005 ) as a digest of ‘detailed notation of behaviors, events, and the context environing the events and behaviours ‘ . Harmonizing to Cohen et Al ( 2007: 258 ) , the intent of observation is to ‘probe profoundly and to analyze intensively the many-sided phenomena that constitute the life rhythm of the unit with a position to set up generalisations about the wider populations ‘ . Cohen et Al. ( 2007: 396 ) further argue that observation gives the research worker a opportunity to roll up ‘live informations ‘ from reliable societal state of affairss. Therefore, it is preferred for the research worker to utilize this powerfull excessively to analyze events and collect the relevant information first-hand instead than from a secondary beginning. The research worker besides needs to choose the sort of the observation method to be used as they vary in footings of construction and the participatory function of the research worker. I opted for semi-structured, non-participant observation, as I did non mean to take portion in events. The semi-structured method was employed for this resea rch because some issues were still unfastened, despite the focal point of the research and look intoing factors being clear. The research worker had an thought of a figure of things that he wanted to detect, but he did non cognize what else to anticipate. Therefore, a semi-structured observation provided the research worker with the freedom to descry and enter inside informations that otherwise would hold been overlooked or omitted cited in Denscombre ( 2007 ) .New ChankAny observation research that has a sort of construction it is besides be scheduled cited in Bell ( 2006: 188 ) and Descombre ( 2007 ) . Denscombre ( 2007: 210 ) moreover argues that the research worker will happen the ‘certain things ‘ , seek and worth of inclusion for in his docket. The same author highlight the importance of the absence of subjectiveness in the observation where it is gained by the systematic scheduled observation. Thus it is cited that the ever limited clip can be arranged by the agenda and assist the research worker to remain focused on the issues that the observation is held for cited in Denscom ( 2007: 214 ) . The research worker besides intends to utilize the non-participant theoretical account as he plans non to take part as an perceiver. His purpose is to insulate the personal perceptual experiences of the pupils to their male instructors so there is non any topographic point of him as a participant which any effort of being take part could act upon the behaviour of the pupils and so bias the information, The research worker as Denscombe ( 2007: 214 ) suggests, purposes to do his present every bit discreet as possible. This will add to the cogency because the research worker will be more objectivite to the jadgement of any facts that they will happen as an 3rd individual instead as an participant. Whilst the research workers must hold in head that the thirster he stays in the schoolroom and being seeable, ‘the more their presence is taken for granted and the less they have any important consequence on continuing ‘ . Therefore it is of import that the perceiver should give so me clip to the schoolroom environment to acquire usage of his ‘discreet ‘ nowadays and after he is assure that he is recognized so he should get down the observation. In order to avoid any errors or skips the research worker programs to fly the observation and add to the agenda. To make more cogency the research worker programs to inquire the sentiment of his supervisor and one of the instructors. Besides he will demo the information to one of the instructors and the supervisor in order to look into them and state their sentiment on them.InterviewsTraveling farther the research worker had chosen the usage of the Interviews as a tool. Aiming to garner qualitative informations about percpeptions, emotions thoughts and analyse them interview as a tool seemed good plenty for the intents of this survey. The research worker must aware though that despite they do non look like something more than an preservation, they ‘involve a set of premises and apprehensions about the state of affairs which are non usually associated with a insouciant conversation ‘ able to bring forth usefull information for any enquiry, Denscombre ( 1983 ) , Silverman ( 1985 ) , ( cited in Denscobre ( 2007: 173 ) ) . Therefore despite interview is a sort of construction preservation there is besides a protocol that must be followed. There is common consent between the interviewee and the interviewer in an official meeting and the recording is non secret in any manner. Besides the informations are merely for the record and the schedulule. Thus the issues to be discussed are set by the research worker, Denscombe ( 2007:174 ) . Merely naming the usage of the Interview as a method is non plenty as there are different types of research Interview. Harmonizing to Denscombe ( 2007: 175 ) there are the constructions interviews the semistructured and Unstrructured interviews. Cohen ( 2007:355 ) besides add the non-directive interview and the focussed interview. In fact Cohen et Al ( 2007:352 ) argues that in the literature are mentioned many different types of interview! . The semistructured – interview, one-to one interview was selected as the purpose of this survey is to hold an indeapth thought of the perceptual experiences of the pupils but in a research model. Despite that the research worker has a clear que of inquiries to be answered in the semistryctured interview will be ready to allow the samples expand their thoughts where is appropriate. The one-to one interview, the most common of the variaties of semi-structured interviews, was selected as it is easy to put, control and garner the informations as each clip is merely one individual to interviewee. Descambe ( 2007:177 ) Unstructured interview was avoided as an option as it require clip and the technique was looked irregular as it dictate the expand of an issue from the sample without any counsel at all! ! Structured interview as a method besides rejected as it does n't roll up the autonomy to the sample to state any of his thoughts. It is tide and the samples have to reply inquiries that the replies are limited. Descambe ( 2007: 175 ) . Therefore it is non appropriate at all as the research aims to garner reliable perceptual experiences instead than allow the participants to reply inquiries with preschelued limited options. I will state what I did subsequently what I did in the research.New Chank 2Datas Analysis‘There is no individual or right manner to analyse and show the information ; how one does it should stay by the issue of fittingness to aim ‘ ( Cohen et al 2007:461 ) . The qualitative informations analysis may be ‘detailed and rich ‘ though the process is really heavy and painfull due to the multiple readings that the research worker should do to bring forth his analysis, doing this process the research workers ‘glory ‘ and besides ‘headache ‘ together, cited in Cohen et Al ( 2007:461 ) . The research worker will categorise the informations from interview written texts and notes along with the issues that he is look intoing. Then the research worker programs to interpet the information with the literature reappraisal findings. Ethical Issues: Ethical issues are compiled in this research survey as and in all the enquiries. The survey was applied from blessing from the Ministry of Eduacation of the state and the General Director of the Education. Along the principal had to be informed about the research and take his blessing excessively. The parents should besides be informed about the research as the mark of the research is to interview and observe kids. The sample of the instructors should besides hold to take part. One of the most of import issues is to allow the privateness of the participants for grounds of ages or by their petition. This issue it can be addressed by namelessness and confidentiality, cited in Cohen et Al ( 2007: 64,65 ) . The individuality of the participants is unbroken hidden as the reference and the name of the school. Though the samples have non objection to give their existent informations to the section of Education to the University of Leicester as long that they will non print. Refering that th e research worker has to cover with kids particular manner of attack should be study particularly when they are interviewed.

Aproaches to learning †Theories of learning styles and learning strategies Essay

Kolb (1984), in introducing the idea of the experiential learning cycle and of learning styles, defines learning as the process whereby â€Å"knowledge is created through the transformation of expertise†. He suggests that ideas are not fixed but are formed and modified through current and past experiences. His learning cycle consists of four stages; completing each stage is important to improve learning in the next stage : Active Experimentation (The learner actively uses the theories formed and also tries them in new situations. The latter takes him back to the start of the cycle. ) – Concrete Experience (The learner is encouraged to become involved in new experiences. ) – Reflective Observation (The learner reflect on his experience from different perspective. Enough time and supportive feedback is helpful in this stage. ) – Abstract Conceptualisation (The learner forms ideas and logical theories. ) Of course, not everyone acts in the same way, some prefer considering all possible alternatives whilst others like trying out as much as possible. Hence, Kolb associated four learning styles with his learning cycle: the Converger, who applies ideas in a practical way, the Accommodator, who carries out plans and tasks involving him in new experiences, the Diverger, who has good imagination and ideas, and finally the Assimilator, who creates theoretical models. Kolb also points out that learning styles are not fixed personality traits but relatively stable patterns of behaviour. Based on Kolb’s model Honey and Mumford (1992) developed a similar model with new terms for Kolb’s learning preferences (Honey and Mumford terms in brackets): Active Experimentation (Activist) – Concrete Experience (Pragmatist) – Reflective Observation (Reflector) – Abstract Conceptualisation (Theorist) According to Honey and Mumford four learning styles can be distinguished: the Activist, the Pragmatist, the Reflector, and the Theorist: Activist’s strengths: – Acting quickly; interested in actually doing things – Putting ideas into action Activist’s weaknesses – Lack of planning and attention to detail – Unlikely to consider many alternatives Pragmatist’s strengths – Integrating theory and practice. – Testing things out to get correct solutions Pragmatist’s weaknesses – Lack of imagination – Impatient – Not interested in concepts and theories Reflector’s strengths: – Collecting data from variety of sources – Reflecting on experiences Reflector’s weaknesses: – Needs a lot of time before he is able to start – Dislike precise instructions Theorist’s strengths – Creating theoretical models – Paying attention to detail and systematic analysis Theorist’s weaknesses – Overcautious – Relies on logic and usually does not trust feelings – Needs a stated purpose. Honey and Mumford developed a Learning Styles Questionnaire to be used as a checklist to identify one’s learning preference. Kolb states the combination of all four learning forms produces the highest level of learning by allowing more powerful and adaptive forms of learning to emerge. But still, there is the danger of labelling people as ‘theorists’ or ‘pragmatists’ although most people exhibit more than one strong preference. To overcome this problem other theorists, e. g. Schmeck (1988) and Entwistle (1998), use the expression ‘learning strategy’ which also includes personal traits. According to them people can not be labelled because they usually react flexibly on learning, depending on the expected outcome: A student may read a book about the British history because he is actually interested in or because he needs to read it to pass an exam. Either way involves learning, but in the second case the student is unlikely to take notes about facts he is interested in but those the tutor may ask. Bibliography: Bendrey, M. et al (1996), Accounting and Finance in Business. London: Continuum. Cottrell, S. (2003) The Study Skills Handbook. New York: Palgrave Macmillian. Entwistle, N. (1998) Styles of Learning and Teaching. London: David Fulton Publishers. Brown, R. and Hawksley, B. (1996) Learning skills, studying styles and profiling. Dinton: Mark Allen Publishing. Honey, P. and Mumford, A. (1992) The manual of learning styles, Maidenhead: Peter Honey Publications Ltd. Honey, P. and Mumford, A. (2000) The learning styles helper’s guide. Maidenhead: Peter Honey Publications Ltd. Kolb, D. A. (1984) Experiential learning: experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.

Free Essays on Teenage Curfew

Teenage Curfew Thomas Jefferson, one of the founders of this country, said that â€Å" Those who would sacrifice a little freedom for a little security will lose both and deserve neither.† We are not a socialist state, the desires of the many do not out weigh the rights of the few. The rights of all groups and all individuals no matter how small, poor, weak, or unpopular, are sacred. Those rights are sacred regardless of what the majority believes will increase public safety. That is one of the founding principles that this country is based on. The individual’s rights are sacred, they are beyond question, and they are most certainly beyond arbitrary time restrictions, set by intolerant politicians. The evidence that curfews have any effect on crime is non-existent, the claim that they reduce victimization does not stand up to the simplest logical test, and that is that most victimization of young people occurs in the home, not on the streets or in places of business. The Report in the January 2002, edition of the Western Criminology Review, states plainly and simply that curfews have no effect on juvenile crime. Why then are these laws still routinely being passed around the country? Why have several cities that have had their laws challenged successfully, immediately rewritten the law and passed it again? They are not effecting crime, they are not protecting young people from victimization, the answer has eluded me for some time. My theory at the moment is that curfews are not especially harmful, but they are not too helpful either. They appear to be another high profile gimmick designed to get votes rather then make neighborhoods safe. Sports, recreation and family oriented policies can better increase community safety without sacrificing the freedom in our society. Like so many laws in the United States today, curfew laws are weapons of cultural aggression against youth. They go right along with sk... Free Essays on Teenage Curfew Free Essays on Teenage Curfew Teenage Curfew Thomas Jefferson, one of the founders of this country, said that â€Å" Those who would sacrifice a little freedom for a little security will lose both and deserve neither.† We are not a socialist state, the desires of the many do not out weigh the rights of the few. The rights of all groups and all individuals no matter how small, poor, weak, or unpopular, are sacred. Those rights are sacred regardless of what the majority believes will increase public safety. That is one of the founding principles that this country is based on. The individual’s rights are sacred, they are beyond question, and they are most certainly beyond arbitrary time restrictions, set by intolerant politicians. The evidence that curfews have any effect on crime is non-existent, the claim that they reduce victimization does not stand up to the simplest logical test, and that is that most victimization of young people occurs in the home, not on the streets or in places of business. The Report in the January 2002, edition of the Western Criminology Review, states plainly and simply that curfews have no effect on juvenile crime. Why then are these laws still routinely being passed around the country? Why have several cities that have had their laws challenged successfully, immediately rewritten the law and passed it again? They are not effecting crime, they are not protecting young people from victimization, the answer has eluded me for some time. My theory at the moment is that curfews are not especially harmful, but they are not too helpful either. They appear to be another high profile gimmick designed to get votes rather then make neighborhoods safe. Sports, recreation and family oriented policies can better increase community safety without sacrificing the freedom in our society. Like so many laws in the United States today, curfew laws are weapons of cultural aggression against youth. They go right along with sk...

Example of a Term Paper

Example of a Term Paper Example of a Term Paper Example of a Term Paper Abortion is one of the most popular topics for term paper writing.   Nevertheless, wealth of information makes it even harder to write good term papers.   offers you a free example of term paper on abortion.   Our paper writing blog has hundreds of free term paper samples on a wide range of topics.   Custom term paperwriting service is also available if you want to get a term paper written especially for you! Our prices are well-balanced to meet the financial needs of every student! Example of a Term Paper: Abortion and Religion Papal, as well as theological, opinion varied on the abortion with the times. Pope Gregory IX (1227-1241) declared that abortion was acceptable if performed before the fetus had moved, usually during the first forty days. But more than three hundred years later in 1588 Pope Sixtus V announced that all abortions were murder. And three years later in 1591 a new pope, Gregory XIV, revoked all penalties except for abortion after the forty-day period. This Church law lasted until 1869 when Pope Pius IX returned to the sanctions of Sixtus V and eliminated the distinction between an animated and a non-animated fetus and disallowed abortion at any time. This makes the present Church attitude condemning abortion only one hundred years old. A good Catholic woman living in the six hundred years between the thirteenth and the nineteenth centuries (except during the three years of Pope Sixtus' pronouncement) could have had an abortion during the first forty days of her pregnancy and remained a go od Catholic, while today abortion is banned and the rule of 1588 is followed. Pope Pius' ban on abortion in 1869 was supposedly done in an effort to counteract the spread of contraception and also as a result of the new scientific understanding of when, where and how fertilization takes place. After centuries of debate, the Church has reversed itself several times, alternating between conservative and liberal phases on its attitude toward abortion. Now, of course, it takes the view that to destroy the fertilized ovum is tantamount to murder. Pope Pius XI in 1930 said that "The life of each [mother and fetus] is equally sacred and no one has the power, not even the public authority, to destroy it." Today the Church is still strongly opposed to abortion. Thirty Roman Catholic bishops meeting in New York recently issued a statement reaffirming their position that "the Church disowns by immediate excommunication any Catholic who deliberately procures an abortion or helps someone else to do so." The letter called the state abortion law an "outrage against humanity." The letter went on to say that "each day they [abortionists] grow wealthier from the killing of unborn children some of whom have been heard to cry as they were dropped into surgical trash cans." In response to this, Dr. Jean Pakter, director of Maternity and Newborn Services for the New York City Department of Health, described the letter as "hysterical." She said that a total of twenty-six fetuses were born alive after legal abortions in New York and several were beyond the twenty-four-week legal limit for abortions. Custom Term Paper Writing Example of a term paper is written with the aim to give you a good sample of professional writing.   If you need individual assistance, you should order custom term paper writing help at this site. Custom paper writers are able to impress you with quality writing and timely delivery.   Plagiarism report is provided for free!

ACCOUNTING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ACCOUNTING - Essay Example The organization entered into illegal accounting territory when $5.6 million of products that had been shipped early were returned. As a means of avoiding the revenue setbacks, the organization decided to conceal them by dispersing them between four departments, in effect allowing the organization to largely reflect the earlier robust financial statements. These accounting problems impacted the company’s financial statements as they erroneously reflected robust sales and revenue figures when in reality the payments for these products had not been received. In further concealing the true incoming revenues through dispersing losses among departments, the financial statements did not accurately reflect sales figures for the period, as this practice concealed a 6% loss. Two primary employees at Cutter & Buck were sanctioned for their participation in these accounting practices. The first employee is Stephen Lowber, the former chief financial officer. Lowber was sanctioned through paying a $50,000 fine and agreeing to not serve as an officer or director of a pubic company. In addition Lowber agreed to cooperate with investigators into detecting past accounting fraud at the company. The second employee involved was David ‘Andy’ Hilton, the former regional vice president for sales. Hilton was sanctioned through agreeing to pay a $25,000 fine. It’s clear that their actions pose ethical problems for the company. When one considers that the organization is a public company they are not simply responsible internally, but also must be responsible to stakeholders. Capital market research demonstrates that one of the primary contributing elements to shifting stock prices is revenue figures. Through the organization’s practice of recording revenue early and then concealing losses among departments, they were able to produce inaccurate statements that may have contributed to inflated equity valuations. Other groups of individuals

German Population Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

German Population - Essay Example (Central Intelligence Agency, 2008) Another reason is that it was very active in World War I and II and as a result, it got separated into two regions, West Germany and East Germany. By the studying the population change over the last 50 years, we will be able to find out how this separation affected the population distribution. Another factor which makes Germany stand out and ideal for this case study is the fact that Germany is listed as the host of the third-highest percentage of international migrants worldwide. (United Nations Population Fund, 2006) Besides this, Germany's population is changing in a way where the birthrates are much lower than the death rates which is causing the population to age. Therefore, studying this will help us learn a lot about one of the most pressing problems for countries all over the world. These were all the facts that made Germany ideal for a population change case study. I also have a few personal reasons for why I have selected Germany as my country under study. Firstly, every year I hear about Berlinale, F1 race, Internationales Beethovenfest and Oktoberfest, which are makes me very interested in Germany. However, the main reason for choosing Germany is that a few of my friends and I are planning to go Germany for a vacation after this spring term, so this assignment is a great chance for me to discover more about Germany before I go there. Germany also has alot of amazing buildings, such as Neuschwanstein Castle, which was built by Knig Ludwig II based on the idea of a fairly tales castle. Therefore, I'm really interested in Germany, as it is a place with so much things to learn about. Introduction According to the July 2008 estimates, the population of Germany is approximately 82,315,548. (Central Intelligence Agency, 2008) The total population figure has also been falling recently. In 1958, the population of Germany was 72,031,000. Out of these, 54,719,000 were in West Germany while 17,312,000 were in East. As we can see, the population has risen by approximately 10,284,548 since then.However, if we look at the yearly trends, the population growth rate fluctuated a lot. The population growth rate was not positive through out. From 1958 the population change rate has been mostly increasing, although, there have been years when this rate was negative. There has been no drastic percentage change in the population throughout these 50 years. The maximum increase has been 1 percent and the maximum decrease has been 0.5 percent. From 1950 till 1973, the population kept on increasing. This pattern change when the population started to fall till 1985. Then it started to increase agai n, reached its maximum in 2003 and since then it has been falling. (Population Reference Bureau)Also, another change can be seen in the distribution on population within East and West Germany. In 2006, the population in West Germany was 65,667,000 and the population of East Germany was 16,648,000. As we compare this with 1958's data, we notice that the population in West Germany has increased while the population in East Germany has decreased. (Federal Statistical Office, 2007) Factors Affecting Population and Change The projection of population carried out by the Federal Statistical Office show that the population will keep on falling in future and by 2050, the lower limit of the expected population will